Guangdong is situated in the southern most part of China's mainland. It faces the South China Sea with a continental coastline of 3,368 kms, and has numerous islands as well. The province is situated within low latitudes and the Tropic of Cancer runs through the central part of its mainland. Topographically, the province slopes down from the north to the south. Within its territory, mountains, plains and hills intermingle with each other. Most of the rivers flow from north to south. Major rivers in Guangdong include the Pearl River, Hanjiang River and Jianjiang River. The Pearl River is 2,122 kilometers long. The Pearl River converges Xijiang River, Beijiang River and Dongjiang River, and becomes the third largest river in China. The Pearl River Delta and the Hanjiang Delta along the coast of South China Sea flow along fertile land. They are the famous land of fish and rice.

    Guangdong is located in the subtropical zone. Most parts of it belong to the subtropical monsoon climate. So it has long summers and warm winters. The average annual temperature rises gradually from the north to the south. The average annual rainfall is over 1,366 mm and the average annual evaporation capacity is 1,100 mm, and thus the province belongs to humectation area. Therefore, the whole province is green all the year round and is seething with life everywhere.

   The Province's land area is 178,000 square kilometers. The cultivated area is 3.11 million hectares, the forestry field 10.26 million hectares and the wasteland with weeds 570 thousand hectares. The provincial forest coverage rate is 57%, with timber reserves of 300 million cubic meters. Guangdong has a vast oceanic territory and a network of rivers and streams. In addition, it has numerous reservoirs and fish ponds. So it is rich in aquatic resources. The province has a sea water area of 780 thousand hectares for breeding aquatics and a fresh water area of 430 thousand hectares for the same purpose. Guangdong Province has theoretic hydropower reserves of 10.73 million KW, of which 6.66 million KW can be developed for power generation, which accounts for about 60% of the total. Guangdong has rich mineral resources. Altogether 116 kinds have been found and the prospects of reserves have been proved for 89 kinds of them. The prospects for coal, iron ore and pyrite are 547 million, 553 million and 445 million tons respectively. There are varieties of animals and plants. The paddy dominates in cereals and vegetables, sugar canes and fruit are the main economic plants. The popular and high-quality fruit brim with pleasant fragrance.

   
   Guangdong is a famous native place of overseas Chinese. At present, The number of the overseas Chinese and Chinese with foreign citizenship originating from Guangdong has reached 20 million and they live in every part of the world. Besides, Guangdong has 20 million returned overseas Chinese. Some influential overseas Chinese organizations abroad include “The World's Hakkas Kinship Conference”, “The International Chaozhou Friendship Association”, “The World's Zhongshan Middle Schools Alumni Kinship Conference” and so on. Since Guangdong is situated in the vicinity of Hong Kong and Macao, compatriots of Guangdong origin in these two special administrative regions amount to six million.